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Study of Chinese Learners' Pedagogical Choices in Korean In addition to learner-internal influences CLKs' awareness of the need to be pragmatic and the relationship advantages they were able to draw from were important. Researchers from TS and ZL, for example, cited their relationships with their local professors as a major factor in their pragmatic decision to avoid criticising a strict prof (see the example 2). This article examines all local pragmatic research on Korean published until 2020. It focuses on the practical core topics such as: Discourse Construction Tests The Discourse Completion Test (DCT) is a widely used instrument in the field of pragmatic research. It has many advantages, but it also has its drawbacks. The DCT is one example. It does not take into account individual and cultural variations. The DCT can also be biased and can lead to overgeneralizations. Therefore, it should be analyzed carefully prior to using it for research or for assessment purposes. Despite its limitations, the DCT is a useful tool for analyzing the connection between prosody, information structure, and non-native speakers. Its ability to manipulate social variables that affect politeness in two or more steps can be a benefit. This feature can help researchers to study the role played by prosody in communication across cultural contexts, a major challenge in cross-cultural pragmatics. In the field linguistics, DCT is one of the most effective tools to study the behavior of communication learners. It can be used to study various issues, including politeness, turn-taking, and lexical choices. It can be used to determine phonological complexity in learners in their speech. Recent research utilized the DCT as an instrument to test the refusal skills of EFL students. Participants were presented with a range of scenarios to choose from, and then asked to select the appropriate response. The researchers found that the DCT was more effective than other refusal measures such as a questionnaire or video recordings. Researchers cautioned, however, that the DCT must be used with caution. They also recommended using other methods of data collection. DCTs are usually developed with specific linguistic criteria in mind, like content and form. These criteria are intuitive and are based on the assumptions of the test designers. They aren't always correct, and they could incorrectly describe the way in which ELF learners actually resist requests in actual interactions. This issue calls for more study on alternative methods for measuring refusal competence. In a recent study, DCT responses to student requests via email were compared with those from an oral DCT. The results showed that DCTs preferred more direct and conventionally-indirect requests and utilized hints less than email data. Metapragmatic Questionnaires (MQs) This study investigated Chinese learners' choices when it comes to using Korean by using a range of experimental tools, such as Discourse Completion Tasks (DCTs), metapragmatic questionnaires, and Refusal Interviews (RIs). Participants were 46 CLKs with intermediate or higher ability who responded to MQs and DCTs. They were also required to provide reflections on their assessments and refusals in RIs. The results showed that CLKs often chose to defy native Korean pragmatic norms. Their choices were influenced by four factors: their personalities and multilingual identities, their current life histories, as well as their relationship affordances. These findings have implications for L2 Korean assessment and teaching. The MQ data were analysed to determine the participants' pragmatic choices. The data were categorized according to Ishihara's (2010) definition of pragmatic resistance. Then, the selections were compared with their linguistic performance in DCTs to determine if they reflected pragmatic resistance or not. Additionally, the participants were asked to explain their decision to use pragmatic language in a particular scenario. The results of the MQs and DCTs were then analyzed using descriptive statistics and z-tests. The CLKs were found to use euphemistic terms such as “sorry” or “thank you”. This could be due to their lack experience with the target languages, leading to an inadequate understanding of korean pragmatic norms. The results revealed that CLKs' preferences for converging to L1 or dissociating from both L1 and L2 pragmatic norms varies according to the DCT situations. In the scenarios 3 and 12 CLKs preferred diverging from both L1- and L2-pragmatic norms, while in Situation 14 CLKs preferred a convergence to L1 norms. The RIs also revealed CLKs were aware of their pragmatic resistance in each DCT situation. The RIs were conducted one-toone within two days after the participants completed the MQs. The RIs were recorded and transcribed by two coders who were independent and then coded. The coders worked in an iterative manner by the coders, re-reading and discussing each transcript. The results of coding were contrasted with the original RI transcripts, which gave an indication of how the RIs accurately portrayed the core behaviors. Refusal Interviews A key question of pragmatic research is why some learners are hesitant to adhere to native-speaker pragmatic norms. Recent research has attempted to answer this question using several experimental tools, including DCTs MQs and RIs. The participants were comprised of 46 CLKs, 44 CNSs, and 45 KNSs from five Korean universities. 프라그마틱 무료 were asked to complete the DCTs and MQs either in their L1 or L2 levels. They were then invited to an RI where they were asked to reflect on and discuss their responses to each DCT situation. The results showed that CLKs on average, did not adhere to the patterns of native speakers in more than 40 percent of their responses. They did so even though they could create patterns that resembled native ones. In addition, they were aware of their pragmatism. They attributed their decisions to learner-internal factors such as their identities, personalities and multilingual identities as well as ongoing lives. They also referred external factors, like relational affordances. For example, they described how their relationships with professors led to a more relaxed performance in relation to the intercultural and linguistic rules of their university. However, the interviewees also expressed concern about the social pressures and consequences they could be subject to if they violated their social norms. They were worried that their native friends would consider them “foreigners” and think they are incompetent. This worry was similar to the concerns expressed by Brown (2013) and Ishihara (2009). These results suggest that native-speaker pragmatic norms are no longer the default preference of Korean learners. They could still be a useful model for official Korean proficiency tests. However, it is prudent for future researchers to reconsider their relevance in specific scenarios and in various contexts. This will allow them to better understand the impact of different cultures on the behavior of students and classroom interactions of students in L2. Furthermore it will assist educators to create more effective methods to teach and test the korea's pragmatics. Seukhoon Paul Choi is principal advisor at Stratways Group, a geopolitical risk consultancy based out of Seoul. Case Studies The case study method is a method that focuses on intensive, participant-centered research to investigate a specific topic. This method utilizes numerous sources of information like interviews, observations and documents, to confirm its findings. This kind of investigation can be used to study specific or complicated issues that are difficult to other methods to assess. The first step in the case study is to clearly define the subject and the goals of the study. This will help you determine which aspects of the topic must be investigated and which can be omitted. It is also beneficial to study the literature to gain a general knowledge of the subject and place the case in a wider theoretical context. This case study was based on an open source platform, the KMMLU leaderboard [50], and its benchmarks that are specific to Korea, HyperCLOVA X and LDCC-Solar (figure 1 below). The results of the experiment revealed that the L2 Korean students were particularly vulnerable to native models. They were more likely to select incorrect answer options that were literal interpretations of prompts, deviating from precise pragmatic inference. They also exhibited an inclination to include their own text, or “garbage,” to their responses, which further hampered their quality of response. The participants in this study were L2 Korean students who had reached level four on the Test of Proficiency in Korean TOPIK in their third or second year of university and were hoping to attain level six on their next attempt. They were asked to answer questions regarding their WTC/SPCC, as well as pragmatic awareness and comprehension. Interviewees were presented with two hypothetical situations that involved interaction with their counterparts and asked to select one of the strategies listed below to use when making demands. They were then asked to provide the reasoning behind their choice. The majority of participants attributed their pragmatic resistance to their personality. TS for instance said she was difficult to approach and refused to inquire about her interlocutor's well-being when they had a heavy work load despite the fact that she thought native Koreans would.